Marginality, Climate and Resources in Pastoral Rangelands: Oman and Mongolia

Troy Sternberg, Dawn Chatty

Abstract


• Oman and Mongolia feature different political systems and physical landscapes yet represent similar challenges encountered across global pastoral societies.
• Extractive industries disrupt pastoral drylands through reorienting government policy, environmental change, altered water supply, and infrastructure factors that challenge livelihood viability.
• The impact of climate variability on rangeland livelihoods is now exacerbated by policy and development decisions.
• Herder livelihoods at different income and development levels are dependent on government policy and risk mitigation strategies to maintain customary practices.
• The combination of multiple external forces stress rural viability and contribute to out-migration from herding systems.

Keywords: pastoralism, rangelands, climate, resources, Oman, Mongolia.


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