Radiocarbon Age Determinations of Mosaic Mortar Layers of Churches from North Jordan

Abstract

This research is aimed at radiocarbon dating organic inclusions and lime-binder powders of mortar layers of mosaic pavements in four churches of arguable archaeological date located in northern Jordan. One mortar sample from each mosaic pavement of each church was collected, examined by thin section microscopy, and then physically pretreated by gentle crushing and dry sieving to collect lime-binder powders of different grain sizes. Charcoal samples uncovered from three samples and the CO₂ gases, collected by hydrochloric acid (HCl) hydrolysis of the powders, were ¹⁴C dated using accelerator mass spectrometry (AMS). Four powders of 63–45 μm from the four samples and two powders of 45–38 μm from two samples were analyzed in order to get more precise dates and examine previous proposed models for the interpretation of the results. ¹⁴C determinations showed agreement between charcoal ages and archaeological data, while the fine lime-binder’s powders, especially from the mosaic’s bedding layer, produced more precise dates. Results suggest that ¹⁴C date profiles produced by HCl hydrolysis of the lime-binder powders can be clearly interpreted by the existing models.

DOI: 10.2458/azu_rc.57.18197