Control of woody plants in grazing lands on the Pacific Coast of Mexico.

Abstract

Greenhouse and field experiments were conducted to evaluate herbicides for control of Palma de llano (Sabal rosei Mart.), jarretaders (Acacia hindsii Benth), huinol (Acacia cymbispina Sprague & Riley), and guazima (Guazuma ulmifolia Lam.), woody species encroaching in grazing lands on the Pacific Coast of Mexico. In the greenhouse, picloram at 0.14 and 0.28 kg ae/ha killed all jarretadera, huinol, and guazima plants. Mixtures of picloram + clopyralid, dicamba, or triclopyr at 0.07 + 0.07 and 0.14 + 0.14 kg/ha also killed most plants. Trielopyr killed all huinol at 0.14 and 0.28 kg/ha but not all jarretadera or guazima. Clopyralid was effective on jarretadera and huinol but not as effective as picloram. Dicamba was ineffective on jurretadera and killed 88 to 100% of the huinol and gunzima plants at 0.28 kg/ha. The palm could not be grown in the greenhouse. In the field, foliar sprays of triclopyr or picloram st 0.4 and 0.3 g ae/L water, respectively, killed 70% or more of the jarretadera, huinol and gunzima but 77% or less of the palm. No herbicide successfully controlled jarretadera in 1988. Hexazinone applied to the soil killed 82% or more of the palm plants at 0.5 g ai/2.5 cm of stem diameter. Soil-applied tebuthiuron pellets were not effective on jarretaders or palm, but the briquettes (Brush Bullets) at 2 and 4 g/ 2.5 cm of stem diameter killed 50, 60, and 83% or more of the huinol, palm, and guazima plants, respectively.